Vector
Standard Definition
A vector is a mathematical object that has both a magnitude (or length) and a direction. It can be represented as an arrow with a certain direction and length, or as an ordered list of numbers (known as components) that describe its position in space. The space in which the vector exists is called a vector space, and the number of components corresponds to the dimension of that space. For example, a vector in a 2-dimensional space (like a flat plane) might be represented as ( (x, y) ), while in a 3-dimensional space (like our everyday world) it might be represented as ( (x, y, z) ).
In mathematical notation, vectors are often represented by lowercase bold letters, such as .